Fig. 1From: Pathogenesis and management of gastrointestinal inflammation and fibrosis: from inflammatory bowel diseases to endoscopic surgeryManagement of fibrostenosis after ESD. Prophylactic balloon dilatation, localized steroid injection therapy, and oral steroid therapy are administered to prevent fibrostenosis after ESD. If a GI stricture develops, balloon dilation or surgical treatment is considered. Multiple types of treatment lead to diminution of a patient’s QOLBack to article page